29 research outputs found
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Join Order Enumeration
Join order selection plays a significant role in query performance. However,
modern query optimizers typically employ static join enumeration algorithms
that do not receive any feedback about the quality of the resulting plan.
Hence, optimizers often repeatedly choose the same bad plan, as they do not
have a mechanism for "learning from their mistakes". In this paper, we argue
that existing deep reinforcement learning techniques can be applied to address
this challenge. These techniques, powered by artificial neural networks, can
automatically improve decision making by incorporating feedback from their
successes and failures. Towards this goal, we present ReJOIN, a
proof-of-concept join enumerator, and present preliminary results indicating
that ReJOIN can match or outperform the PostgreSQL optimizer in terms of plan
quality and join enumeration efficiency
QuickSel: Quick Selectivity Learning with Mixture Models
Estimating the selectivity of a query is a key step in almost any cost-based
query optimizer. Most of today's databases rely on histograms or samples that
are periodically refreshed by re-scanning the data as the underlying data
changes. Since frequent scans are costly, these statistics are often stale and
lead to poor selectivity estimates. As an alternative to scans, query-driven
histograms have been proposed, which refine the histograms based on the actual
selectivities of the observed queries. Unfortunately, these approaches are
either too costly to use in practice---i.e., require an exponential number of
buckets---or quickly lose their advantage as they observe more queries.
In this paper, we propose a selectivity learning framework, called QuickSel,
which falls into the query-driven paradigm but does not use histograms.
Instead, it builds an internal model of the underlying data, which can be
refined significantly faster (e.g., only 1.9 milliseconds for 300 queries).
This fast refinement allows QuickSel to continuously learn from each query and
yield increasingly more accurate selectivity estimates over time. Unlike
query-driven histograms, QuickSel relies on a mixture model and a new
optimization algorithm for training its model. Our extensive experiments on two
real-world datasets confirm that, given the same target accuracy, QuickSel is
34.0x-179.4x faster than state-of-the-art query-driven histograms, including
ISOMER and STHoles. Further, given the same space budget, QuickSel is
26.8%-91.8% more accurate than periodically-updated histograms and samples,
respectively
Reaction engineering of benzaldehyde lyase from Pseudomonas fluorescens catalyzing enantioselective C-C-bond formation
The reaction engineering of benzaldehyde lyase (BAL, E.C. 4.1.2.38) from Pseudomonas fluorescens catalyzing the enantioselective carboligation of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde yielding (R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylpropanone (HPP) is presented. Based on kinetic studies a continuous process is developed. The developed bioreactor allows focusing the complex reaction system on the production of HPP with simultaneous discrimination of the undesired benzoin formation. The application of a continuous process in combination with membrane technology enables high space time yields (1120 g L-1 d(-1), ee > 99%) of the product as well as high total turnover numbers of the biocatalyst (mol of product/mol of biocatalyst = 188.000). A kinetic model was developed to simulate the continuously operated reactor and to determine optimal production conditions. The synthesis of (R)-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-1-propanone (1214 g L-1 d(-1), ee = 99%) in the bioreactor demonstrates a broad applicability of the presented reactor concept for the production HPP derivatives
Preparative Enantioselective Synthesis of Benzoins and (R)-2-Hydroxy-1-phenyl-propanone Using Benzaldehyde Lyase
Dominguez de Maria P, Stillger T, Pohl M, et al. Preparative Enantioselective Synthesis of Benzoins and (R)-2-Hydroxy-1-phenyl-propanone Using Benzaldehyde Lyase. J. Mol. Catal. B: Enzym. 2006;38(1):43-47
CubeLoad: a Parametric Generator of Realistic OLAP Workloads
Differently from OLTP workloads, OLAP workloads are hardly predictable due to their inherently extemporary nature. Besides, obtaining real OLAP workloads by monitoring the queries actually issued in companies and organizations is quite hard. On the other hand, hardware and software benchmarking in the industrial world, as well as comparative evaluation of novel approaches in the research community, both need reference databases and workloads. In this paper we present CubeLoad, a parametric generator of workloads in the form of OLAP sessions, based on a realistic profile-based model. After describing the main features of CubeLoad, we discuss the results of some tests that show how workloads with very different features can be generated